A randomized controlled trial of infraorbital block using ketamine 1% for intra- and postoperative analgesia in children for ambulatory cleft lip correction

Authors

  • Andi Ade Wijaya Ramlan Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7216-4763
  • Apriliana Ratnaningrum Department of Anesthesiology, Fatmawati General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9435-3621
  • Arif Hari Martono Marsaban Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8866-3623

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.oa.204395

Keywords:

cleft lip, ketamine, postoperative pain

Abstract

BACKGROUND In Indonesia, cleft lip correction surgery is often done as a social program in remote areas with limited resources. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of ketamine, a cheaper and more accessible alternative, as a local analgesia in infraorbital block and to determine the possibility of ketamine as an alternative local analgesic drug for intraoperative and postoperative periods.

METHODS This was a randomized controlled trial in children aged 2 months to 5 years who underwent cleft lip correction surgery at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in 2016. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups: ketamine and bupivacaine. Standard general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation was performed in each group. Bilateral intraoral infraorbital block was performed using ketamine 1% 0.5 ml or bupivacaine 0.25% 0.5 ml. Postoperative evaluation includes pain scores based on the face, leg, activity, cry, and consolability (FLACC) scale and analgesic duration.

RESULTS A total of 36 subjects were enrolled in this study, with 18 in each group. Both groups received the same total amount of fentanyl addition intraoperatively (p = 1). The postoperative FLACC pain scale scores between the two groups were not different, with p>0.05 in every measurement. The mean duration of postoperative analgesia in the ketamine group was longer than the bupivacaine group (15–13.49 hours, p = 0.031).

CONCLUSIONS Infraorbital block with 1% ketamine 0.5 mg/kg was similarly effective for intraoperative and postoperative analgesia but had a longer duration than that with 0.25% bupivacaine 0.5 ml in ambulatory cleft lip correction.

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References

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Published

2021-03-25

How to Cite

1.
Ramlan AAW, Ratnaningrum A, Marsaban AHM. A randomized controlled trial of infraorbital block using ketamine 1% for intra- and postoperative analgesia in children for ambulatory cleft lip correction. Med J Indones [Internet]. 2021Mar.25 [cited 2024Dec.6];30(1):33-8. Available from: https://mji.ui.ac.id/journal/index.php/mji/article/view/4395

Issue

Section

Clinical Research
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