The role of copeptin as a novel cardiovascular biomarker
Abstract
Copeptin is a provasopressin-derived peptide, the precursor for arginine vasopressin (AVP), which is an antidiuretic hormone from the hypothalamus. Copeptin is secreted together with AVP equally as a response of AVP stimulation. While AVP’s main function is water and blood volume regulation and maintaining electrolyte homeostasis, copeptin’s function is still not fully understood. AVP, copeptin, and other vasopressinergic neuropeptides’ levels are elevated in acute stress caused by pathological conditions. Clinical use of AVP levels has many weaknesses. Copeptin can act as a replacement because of its molecular stability, easier testing methods, and faster results. For example, combination of copeptin and cardiac troponins can eliminate myocardial infarction (MI) diagnosis faster, while combined with brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) or its precursor can predict heart failure (HF) outcome. In cardiovascular shock, copeptin levels are elevated. As such, copeptin is a potential biomarker for MI diagnosis and predictor for HF mortality and morbidity.
Downloads
References
Giannopoulos G, Deftereos S, Panagopoulou V, Kossyvakis C, Kaoukis A, Bouras G, et al. Copeptin as a biomarker in cardiac disease. Curr Top Med Chem. 2013;13(2):231-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15680266113139990088
Voors AA, von Haehling S, Anker SD, Hillege HL, Struck J, Hartmann O, et al. C-terminal provasopressin (copeptin) is a strong prognostic marker in patients with heart failure after an acute myocardial infarction: results from the OPTIMAAL study. Eur Heart J. 2009;30(10):1187-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehp098
Nickel CH, Bingisser R, Morgenthaler NG. The role of copeptin as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for risk stratification in the emergency department. BMC Medicine. 2012;10:7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-10-7
Elshafei A, Abdalla G, El-Motaal OA, Salman T. Copeptin: a neuroendocrine biomarker in acute myocardial infarction. Annual Review & Research in Biology. 2013;3(4):1040-54.
Morgenthaler NG. Copeptin: a biomarker of cardiovascular and renal function. Congest Heart Fail. 2010;16Suppl1:S37-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7133.2010.00177.x
Morgenthaler NG, Struck J, Alonso C, Bergmann A. Assay for the measurement of copeptin, a stable peptide derived from the precursor of vasopressin. Clin Chem. 2006;52(1):112-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2005.060038
Rutishauser J. [Copeptin: diagnostic parameter, biomarker, or both?]. Ther Umsch. 2009;66(11):731-4. Germany. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930.66.11.731
Khan SQ, Dhillon OS, O'Brien RJ, Struck J, Quinn PA, Morgenthaler NG, et al. C-terminal provasopressin (copeptin) as a novel and prognostic marker in acute myocardial infarction: Leicester Acute Myocardial Infarction Peptide (LAMP) study. Circulation. 2007;115(16):2103-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.685503
Struck J, Morgenthaler NG, Bergmann A. Copeptin, a stable peptide derived from the vasopressin precursor, is elevated in serum of sepsis patients. Peptides. 2005;26(12):2500-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2005.04.019
Morgenthaler NG, Struck J, Jochberger S, Dünser MW. Copeptin: clinical use of a new biomarker. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2008;19(2):43-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2007.11.001
Dobsa L, Edozien KC. Copeptin and its potential role in diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases. Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2013;23(2):172-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.11613/BM.2013.021
Katan M, Christ-Crain M. The stress hormone copeptin: a new prognostic biomarker in acute illness. Swiss Med Wkly. 2010;140:w13101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4414/smw.2010.13101
Seelig E, Bilz S, Keller U, Meienberg F, Christ-Crain M. Concentrations of the stress hormone copeptin increase upon hypoglycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes dependent of hypoglycaemia awareness. PLoS One. 2013;8(8):e72876. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0072876
Darzy KH, Dixit KC, Shalet SM, Morgenthaler NG, Brabant G. Circadian secretion pattern of copeptin, the C-terminal vasopressin precursor fragment. Clin Chem. 2010;56(7):1190-1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2009.141689
Unić A, Rogić D, Rajsman G. Copeptin - is there a role for another cardiac biomarker? J Med Biochem. 2011;30(3):224-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10011-011-0034-2
Leeper B, Cyr AM, Lambert C, Martin K. Acute coronary syndrome. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2011;23(4):547-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccell.2011.10.001
Boden H, van der Hoeven BL, Karalis I, Schalij MJ, Jukema JW. Management of acute coronary syndrome: achievements and goals still to pursue. Novel developments in diagnosis and treatment. J Intern Med. 2012;271(6):521-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2012.02533.x
Jneid H, Anderson JL, Wright RS, Adams CD, Bridges CR, Casey DE Jr, et al. 2012 ACCF/AHA focused update of the guideline for the management of patients with unstable angina/Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (updating the 2007 guideline and replacing the 2011 focused update): a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines. Circulation. 2012;126(7):875-910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0b013e318256f1e0
Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, Simoons ML, Chaitman BR, White HD. ESC/ACCF/AHA/WHF expert consensus document. Third universal definition of myocardial infarction. Circulation. 2012;126:2020-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0b013e31826e1058
Mueller C. Detection of myocardial infarction - Is it all troponin? Role of new markers. Clin Chem. 2012;58(1):162-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2011.168583
Thygesen K, Mair J, Katus H, Plebani M, Venge P, Collinson P, et al. Recommendations for the use of cardiac troponin measurement in acute cardiac care. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(18):2197-204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehq251
Gu YL, Voors AA, Zijlstra F, Hillege HL, Struck J, Masson S, et al. Comparison of the temporal release pattern of copeptin with conventional biomarkers in acute myocardial infarction. Clin Res Cardiol. 2011;100(12):1069-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00392-011-0343-y
Keller T, Tzikas S, Zeller T, Czyz E, Lillpopp L, Ojeda FM, et al. Copeptin improves early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(19):2096-106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2010.01.029
Reichlin T, Hochholzer W, Stelzig C, Laule K, Freidank H, Morgenthaler NG, et al. Incremental value of copeptin for rapid rule out of acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54(1):60-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2009.01.076
Ray P, Charpentier S, Chenevier-Gobeaux C, Reichlin T, Twerenbold R, Claessens YE, et al. Combined copeptin and troponin to rule out myocardial infarction in patients with chest pain and a history of coronary artery disease. Am J Emerg Med. 2012;30(3):440-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2011.12.008
Potocki M, Reichlin T, Thalmann S, Zellweger C, Twerenbold R, Reiter M, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic impact of copeptin and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T in patients with pre-existing coronary artery disease and suspected acute myocardial infarction. Heart. 2012;98(7):558-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2011-301269
Chenevier-Gobeaux C, Freund Y, Claessens YE, Guérin S, Bonnet P, Doumenc B, et al. Copeptin for rapid rule out of acute myocardial infarction in emergency department. Inter J Cardiol. 2013;166(1):198-204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.10.098
Folli C, Consonni D, Spessot M, Salvini L, Velati M, Ranzani G, et al. Diagnostic role of copeptin in patients presenting with chest pain in the emergency room. Eur J Intern Med. 2013;24(2):189-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2012.09.006
Kariz S, Petrovic D. Copeptin for discriminating two-year mortality in heart failure patients with moderate to severe systolic disfunction. J Clin Exp Cardiolog. 2012;S2:1-7. http://dx.doi.org/ doi: 10.4172/2155-9880.S2-006
Uretsky BF, Verbalis JG, Generalovich T, Valdes A, Reddy PS. Plasma vasopressin response to osmotic and hemodynamic stimuli in heart failure. Am J Physiol. 1985;248:H396-402.
Neuhold S, Huelsmann M, Strunk G, Stoiser B, Struck J, Morgenthaler NG, et al. Comparison of copeptin, B-type natriuretic peptide, and amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with chronic heart failure: prediction of death at different stages of the disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;52(4):266-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2008.03.050
Ebert TJ, Cowley AW Jr, Skelton M. Vasopressin reduces cardiac function and augments cardiopulmonary baroreflex resistance increases in man. J Clin Invest. 1986;77(4):1136-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI112413
Escardio.org [Internet]. Germany: European Society of Cardiology 2012 Congress; [cited 2012 August 29]. Available from: http://spo.escardio.org/
Alehagen U, Dahlström U, Rehfeld JF, Goetze JP. Association of copeptin and n-terminal proBNP concentrations with risk of cardiovascular death in older patients with symptoms of heart failure. JAMA. 2011;305(20):2088-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2011.666
Balling L, Kistorp C, Schou M, Egstrup M, Gustafsson I, Goetze JP, et al. Plasma copeptin levels and prediction of outcome in heart failure outpatients: relation to hyponatremia and loop diuretic doses. J Card Fail. 2012;18(5):351-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2012.01.019
Fan YH, Zhao LY, Zheng QS, Dong H, Wang HC, Yang XD.. Arginine vasopressin increases iNOS-NO system activity in cardiac fibroblasts through NF-kappaB activation and its relation with myocardial fibrosis. Life Sci. 2007;81(4):327-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2007.05.018
Tentzeris I, Jarai R, Farhan S, Perkmann T, Schwarz MA, Jakl G, et al. Complementary role of copeptin and high-sensitivity troponin in predicting outcome in patients with stable chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2011;13(7):726-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfr049
Morawiec B, Kawecki D. Copeptin: a new marker in cardiology. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2013;14(1):19-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2459/JCM.0b013e3283590d59
Morgenthaler NG, Müller B, Struck J, Bergmann A, Redl H, Christ-Crain M. Copeptin, a stable peptide of the arginine vasopressin precursor, is elevated in hemorrhagic and septic shock. Shock. 2007;28(2):219-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SHK.0b013e318033e5da
Lindner KH, Strohmenger HU, Ensinger H, Hetzel WD, Ahnefeld FW, Georgieff M. Stress hormone response during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Anesthesiology. 1992;77(4):662-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199210000-00008
Krismer AC, Wenzel V, Stadlbauer KH, Mayr VD, Lienhart HG, Arntz HR. Vasopressin during cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a progress report. Crit Care Med. 2004;32(9Suppl):S432-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.CCM.0000134267.91520.C0
Arnauld E, Czernichow P, Fumoux F, Vincent JD. The effects of hypotension and hypovolaemia on the liberation of vasopressin during haemorrhage in the unanaesthetized monkey (Macaca mulatta). Pflugers Arch. 1977;371(3):193-200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00586258
Copyright (c) 2015 Andy Kristyagita, Bambang B. Siswanto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Medical Journal of Indonesia agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant Medical Journal of Indonesia right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License that allows others to remix, adapt, build upon the work non-commercially with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in Medical Journal of Indonesia.
- Authors are permitted to copy and redistribute the journal's published version of the work non-commercially (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Medical Journal of Indonesia.