The potential of carbonate apatite as an alternative bone substitute material

Ahmad Jabir Rahyussalim; Sugeng Supriadi; Aldo Fransiskus Marsetio; Pancar Muhammad Pribadi; Bambang Suharno

doi:10.13181/mji.v28i1.2681

Authors

Ahmad Jabir Rahyussalim Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta
Sugeng Supriadi Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok
Aldo Fransiskus Marsetio Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1917-9042
Pancar Muhammad Pribadi Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia, Depok
Bambang Suharno Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia, Depok

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.v28i1.2681

Keywords:

bone graft, bone substitute, bone scaffold, calcium phosphate, carbonate apatite, orthopedic biomaterials

Abstract

Bone reconstructive surgery has become a common procedure, and bone transplantation has become the second most frequently performed tissue transplantation procedure worldwide. Therefore, the need for bone substitute materials has increased. Artificial bone substitutes exhibit osteoconductive properties and feature several advantages, including abundant resources, low cost, and low donor site morbidity. Carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) is a calcium phosphate ceramic that can be used as a synthetic bone graft. The carbonate content of this ceramic is similar to that of bone apatite. In this review, we show that carbonate apatite can be degraded given its chemical reactivity in a weakly acidic environment and through osteoclast resorption. Moreover, it is osteoconductive and promotes bone tissue formation without fibrotic tissue formation. Additionally, microstructural analysis revealed that new bone tissue is formed within the bone graft itself.

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