Zika, chikungunya, and dengue viral infections in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells: cell susceptibility and gene expression

  • Ahmad Husein Alkaff Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia; Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Ministry of Research and Technology/ National Agency for Research and Innovation, Jakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8264-6494
  • Benediktus Yohan Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Ministry of Research and Technology/ National Agency for Research and Innovation, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Usman Sumo Friend Tambunan Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6025-2195
  • R. Tedjo Sasmono Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Ministry of Research and Technology/ National Agency for Research and Innovation, Jakarta, Indonesia http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0986-2590
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.oa.193548
Keywords: chemokines, chikungunya virus, cytokines, dengue virus, mononuclear leukocytes, Zika virus
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Abstract

BACKGROUND Infections of Zika (ZIKV), dengue (DENV), and chikungunya viruses (CHIKV) are presented with similar clinical symptoms; these often lead to misdiagnosis. Viremia levels and host immune responses may contribute to disease severity. This study was aimed to characterize the ability of ZIKV, CHIKV, and DENV to infect human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and assess the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-10, and interferon gamma-induced protein (IP)-10 genes in response to the viral infections.

METHODS PBMCs were isolated from healthy donors using gradient centrifugation. Cells were infected with Indonesian isolates of ZIKV, CHIKV, and DENV for 48 hours. Plaque assays were performed to measure viable virus titers, while viral genomic RNA and the gene expression of TNF-α, IL-10, and IP-10 were determined using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. 

RESULTS The susceptibility of PBMCs to ZIKV, CHIKV, and DENV infection was observed, and the viable virus titer and viral genome quantity were found to be significantly higher in ZIKV and CHIKV. All viruses induced the expression of immune-related proteins. The TNF-α gene was upregulated by all viruses to relatively similar levels. IL-10 expression was highest in response to ZIKV, followed by CHIKV. In contrast, IP-10 expression was highly upregulated in DENV-infected cells and only moderately expressed in ZIKV- and CHIKV-infected cells.

CONCLUSIONS ZIKV, CHIKV, and DENV clinical isolates infected PBMCs with different levels of virus infectivity. The gene expression of IL-10 was highly upregulated in ZIKV infection and IP-10 in DENV infection.

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Published
2020-06-30
How to Cite
1.
Alkaff AH, Yohan B, Tambunan USF, Sasmono RT. Zika, chikungunya, and dengue viral infections in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells: cell susceptibility and gene expression. Med J Indones [Internet]. 2020Jun.30 [cited 2024Jul.3];29(2):129-35. Available from: http://mji.ui.ac.id/journal/index.php/mji/article/view/3548
Issue
Vol. 29 No. 2 (2020): June
Section
Basic Medical Research

Copyright (c) 2020 Ahmad Husein Alkaff, Benediktus Yohan, Usman Sumo Friend Tambunan, R. Tedjo Sasmono

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