Effect of immediate electrical stimulation in the distal segment of the nerve with Wallerian degeneration in rats with sciatic nerve injury

  • Agus Roy Rusly Hariantana Hamid Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
  • Sri Maliawan Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2389-3481
  • Dewa Putu Gde Purwa Samatra Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
  • Nyoman Mantik Astawa Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia
  • I Made Bakta Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
  • I Made Jawi Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia
  • Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia
  • I Made Dewa Sukrama Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
  • David Sontani Perdanakusuma Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthethic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.oa.225870
Keywords: electrical stimulation, sciatic nerve, Wallerian degeneration
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Abstract

BACKGROUND Electrical stimulation in the proximal segment is one of the modalities for peripheral nerve injury, although it is prone to cause excessive axonal sprouting growth in the proximal segment of the nerve. This study aimed to show that immediate electrical stimulation in the distal segment of the sciatic nerve in Wistar rats accelerated Wallerian degeneration by increasing the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-10, and galectin-3/MAC-2 macrophages to avoid sprouting axons excessively in the proximal segment.

METHODS This was an experimental study using male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) with a randomized post-test only control group design. The treatment group received immediate electrical stimulation (20 Hz, 2 mA, for 5 sec) to the distal nerve after sciatic nerve injury, while the control group received no treatment. After 3 days, tissue samples were extracted from the distal segment of the sciatic nerve to examine the level of TNF-α, IL-10, and galectin 3/Mac-2 macrophages using ELISA and from proximal nerves to histologically examine the sprouting axons.

RESULTS Rats in the treatment group had higher TNF-α (52.1 [10.32] versus 40.4 [17.71] pg/100 mg, p = 0.031) and higher IL-10 (918 [167.6] versus 759 [158.9] pg/ml, p = 0.010). Expression of galectin 3/Mac-2 macrophages was similar in both groups (465 [49.5] versus 444 [54.4] pg/100 mg, p = 0.247). The number of sprouting axons was lower in the treatment group (2 [IQR 1–2] versus 2.5 [IQR 2–3], p = 0.003).

CONCLUSIONS Immediate electrical stimulation in the distal segment of the sciatic nerve can accelerate nerve regeneration.

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Published
2022-03-08
How to Cite
1.
Hamid ARRH, Maliawan S, Samatra DPGP, Astawa NM, Bakta IM, Jawi IM, Manuaba IBP, Sukrama IMD, Perdanakusuma DS. Effect of immediate electrical stimulation in the distal segment of the nerve with Wallerian degeneration in rats with sciatic nerve injury. Med J Indones [Internet]. 2022Mar.8 [cited 2024Apr.24];31(1):7-12. Available from: http://mji.ui.ac.id/journal/index.php/mji/article/view/5870
Issue
Vol. 31 No. 1 (2022): March
Section
Basic Medical Research

Copyright (c) 2022 Agus Roy Rusly Hariantana Hamid, Sri Maliawan, Dewa Putu Gde Purwa Samatra, Nyoman Mantik Astawa, I Made Bakta, I Made Jawi, Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba, I Made Dewa Sukrama, David Sontani Perdanakusuma

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