Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells enhance regeneration in a chronic peripheral sciatic nerve injury Sprague-Dawley rat model

Wahyu Widodo; Ismail Hadisoebroto Dilogo; Achmad Fauzi Kamal; Radiana Dhewayani Antarianto; Puspita Eka Wuyung; Nurjati Chairani Siregar; Fitri Octaviana; Aria Kekalih; Heri Suroto; Dina Aprilya; Anissa Feby Canintika

doi:10.13181/mji.oa.257780

Authors

Wahyu Widodo Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Fatmawati Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
Ismail Hadisoebroto Dilogo epartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
Achmad Fauzi Kamal epartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
Radiana Dhewayani Antarianto Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine
Puspita Eka Wuyung Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia,
Nurjati Chairani Siregar Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
Fitri Octaviana Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
Aria Kekalih Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Heri Suroto Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Dina Aprilya Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Fatmawati Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
Anissa Feby Canintika epartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.oa.257780

Keywords:

animal model, mesenchymal stem cells, sciatic neuropathy

Abstract

BACKGROUND Obtaining optimal functional outcomes in patients with chronic peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) remains challenging due to the limited regeneration of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) can differentiate into Schwann-like cells, secrete neurotrophic factors, and recruit native Schwann cells. This study aimed to analyze the effects of AD-MSCs on functional outcomes in a chronic PNI model.

METHODS An in vivo study was performed using 20 male Sprague-Dawley rats with chronic PNI of the right sciatic nerve. Rats were divided into two groups: the AD-MSC group (n = 10), receiving human AD-MSC injections in the NMJ; and the control group (n = 10), receiving normal saline injections. Walking track analysis and electrophysiological assessments were performed 8 weeks after the nerve repair. Postmortem gastrocnemius muscle weights and immunohistochemical examinations were also performed.

RESULTS The AD-MSCs showed significantly larger fiber diameters than the control group (45.54 [13.1] versus 35.46 [6.64]; p = 0.011). While clinical, electrophysiological, and gastrocnemius muscle weight data suggested a trend toward improved outcomes in the AD-MSCs group, the differences were not statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONS AD-MSC implantation may enhance nerve regeneration, as demonstrated by a better outcome profile in the AD-MSCs group.

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