DNA quality and quantity in adipose tissue: a comparison of the effects of bomb explosion
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue is often overlooked in DNA testing due to misconceptions about its DNA content. However, its shock-absorbing qualities may be useful for high-pressure scenarios like bomb blasts. This study aimed to evaluate DNA quality and quantity in adipose tissue affected by blasts compared to that in unaffected tissue.
METHODS 10 adipose tissue samples were taken from regions near and far from the blast, representing the blast-exposed and non-blast-exposed groups. The adipose tissue was stored at a low temperature for 5 days, after which an organic extraction method was applied. The purity of the DNA extract was assessed using a NanoDrop spectrophotometer, and its integrity was evaluated using 0.8% concentration gel electrophoresis at 60 V for 90 min. DNA typing was conducted using the GlobalFiler™ kit, and DNA quantity was determined with the Quantifiler™ Trio DNA Quantification kit.
RESULTS Of 20 DNA extracts from adipose tissue, all samples demonstrated purity, integrity, and complete typing results. Adequate integrity was found in 90% of samples in both groups. A 50% incidence of allele shifting was observed at the D7S820 locus within the blast-exposed group.
CONCLUSIONS DNA from blast-exposed adipose tissue exhibited no significant quality or quantity differences from non-blast-exposed tissue. This suggested adipose tissue’s potential as an alternative DNA source in a bomb explosion.
Downloads
References
INTERPOL. Disaster victim identification guide - part "A" [Internet]. INTERPOL; 2018 [cited 2023 Mar 1]. Available from: https://www.interpol.int/How-we-work/Forensics/Disaster-Victim-Identification-DVI.
Stroh AM, Lynch CE, Lester BE, Minchev K, Chambers TL, Montenegro CF, et al. Human adipose and skeletal muscle tissue DNA, RNA, and protein content. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2021;131(4):1370-9. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00343.2021
Butler JM. Forensic DNA typing. 2nd ed. USA: Elsevier Academic Press; 2005.
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Frequently asked questions on CODIS and NDIS [Internet]. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); 2017 [cited 2023 Mar 1]. Available from: https://www.fbi.gov/services/laboratory/biometric-analysis/codis/codis-and-ndis-fact-sheet.
Agrawal JP. High energy materials: propellants, explosives and pyrotechnics. Weinheim: WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2010. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527628803
Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team. Triacetone triperoxide (TATP): indicators of acquisition and manufacture, and considerations for response. Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team; 2019. p. 10-2.
Snyder WS, Cook MJ, Nasset ES, Karhausen LR, Howells GP, Tipton IH. Report of the task group on reference man. In: International Commision on Radiological Protection No 23. Oxford: Pergamon Press; 1992. p. 480.
Eroschenko VP. diFiore's atlas of histology with functional correlations. 11th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.
Connell J, Chaseling J, Page M, Wright K. Tissue preservation in extreme temperatures for rapid response to military deaths. Forensic Sci Int Genet. 2018;36:86-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigen.2018.06.012
Caputo M, Bosio LA, Corach D. Long-term room temperature preservation of corpse soft tissue: an approach for tissue sample storage. Investig Genet. 2011;2:17. https://doi.org/10.1186/2041-2223-2-17
Prinz M, Carracedo A, Mayr WR, Morling N, Parsons TJ, Sajantila A, et al. DNA Commission of the International Society for Forensic Genetics (ISFG): recommendations regarding the role of forensic genetics for disaster victim identification (DVI). Forensic Sci Int Genet. 2007;1(1):3-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigen.2006.10.003
Green MR, Sambrook J. Isolation of high-molecular-weight DNA using organic solvents. Cold Spring Harb Protoc. 2017;2017(4):pdb.prot093450. https://doi.org/10.1101/pdb.prot093450
Rizky BN, Amiatun Ruth MS, Yudianto A. DNA purity and concentration analysis from toothpick as the evidence for forensic examination. Malaysian J Med Health Sci. 2021;17(Supp2):89-91.
Thermo Fisher Scientific. QuantifilerTM HP and Trio DNA Quantification Kits: user guide. Warrington: Thermo Fisher Scientific; 2018.
Williams G, Foley MM, Knight KL. Applied Biosystems' GlobalFiler™ PCR Amplification Kit. Methods Mol Biol. 2023;2685:241-52. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3295-6_15
Tan P, Pepin É, Lavoie JL. Mouse adipose tissue collection and processing for RNA analysis. J Vis Exp. 2018;(131):57026. https://doi.org/10.3791/57026-v
Roy D, Tomo S, Modi A, Purohit P, Sharma P. Optimising total RNA quality and quantity by phenol-chloroform extraction method from human visceral adipose tissue: a standardisation study. MethodsX. 2020;7:101113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2020.101113
Kochański AM, Mejnartowicz JP, Latos-Bieleńska A, Etienne J, Filipczyńiski L. DNA damage induced by lithotripter generated shock waves: short report. Int Urol Nephrol. 2001;32(3):419-22. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017527611798
Rampant S. The effects of a detonation explosion on the recovery of DNA from fragments of an improvised explosive device [master's thesis]. Perth: Murdoch University; 2017.
Al-Snan NR. The recovery of touch DNA from RDX-C4 evidences. Int J Legal Med. 2021;135(2):393-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-020-02407-9
Berti A, Barni F, Virgili A, Colozza C, Maiorino F, Tocca M. The recovery of DNA profiles from saliva and touch evidences after postal bomb explosion. Forensic Sci Int Genet Suppl Ser. 2011;3(1):e471-2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigss.2011.09.097
Hoffmann SG, Stallworth SE, Foran DR. Investigative studies into the recovery of DNA from improvised explosive device containers. J Forensic Sci. 2012;57(3):602-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01982.x
Goodwin W, Linacre A, Hadi S. An introduction to forensic genetics. 2nd ed. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons; 2011. 198 p.
Ojo-Okunola A, Claassen-Weitz S, Mwaikono KS, Gardner-Lubbe S, Zar HJ, Nicol MP, et al. The influence of DNA extraction and lipid removal on human milk bacterial profiles. Methods Protoc. 2020;3(2):39. https://doi.org/10.3390/mps3020039
Butler JM. Avanced topic in forensic DNA typing: interpretation. Oxford: Elsevier Academic Press; 2015.
Copyright (c) 2024 Leonardo, Ade Firmansyah Sugiharto, Wresti Indriatmi, Djaja Surya Atmadja, Ahmad Yudianto, Herkutanto, Wahyu Widodo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Medical Journal of Indonesia agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant Medical Journal of Indonesia right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License that allows others to remix, adapt, build upon the work non-commercially with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in Medical Journal of Indonesia.
- Authors are permitted to copy and redistribute the journal's published version of the work non-commercially (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Medical Journal of Indonesia.