Clinical and epidemiological study of skin cancer in Japan

  • Masamitsu lchihashi Department of Dermatology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017
  • Masato Ueda Department of Dermatology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017
  • Tooru Nagano Department of Dermatology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017
  • Keishi Araki Department of Dermatology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017
  • Yoshiyuki Ohno Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University, School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-85 50,
  • Santoso Cornain Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta
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Abstract

Untuk menentukan prevalansi dan insidensi kanker kulit dan lesi prekanker (actinic keratcsis) dari pcpulasi Jepang, kami memulai pemeriksaan kanker kulit di Kota Kasai (34° 56' LU ) dan Pulau le ( 25° JO' LU ), pada tahun 1992 -1993. Radiasi sinar matahari pertahun di Pulau le diharapkan yang tertinggi di Jepang. Pada makalah ini, kami akan mempresentasikan hasil pene!itian kanker kulit baik di Kota Kasai maupun di Pulau le, masing-masing sejak 1992 sampai 1997 dan sejak 1993 sampai 1997. Di Kota Kasai, ditemukan 128 kasus keratosis aktinik (KA), 3 kasus karsinoma sel basal (KSB). dan 1 kasus karsinoma sel skuamosa (KSS ), yang diidentifikasi secara klinik dan histopatologik. Sedangkan di Pulau le, ditemukan 130 kasus KA, 9 kasus KSB dan 2 kasus KSS. Prevalansi KA per 100.000 penduduk pertahun di Kota Kasai pada tahun 1992-1997 adalah masing-masing 413,4, 291,2, 203,7, 86,8 123,1 dan JOl ,8. Walaupun demikian, jumlah KA di Pulau le pada tahun 1993-1997 adalah masing-masing 1.159,4, 572,8, 1.014,3, 988,9 dan 612,5. Angka-angka di Pulau le secara bermakna lebih tinggi dari angka-angka di Kota Kasai. Rasia Odds yang disesuaikan terhadap umur setiap tahun untuk KA adalah masing-masing 2,79, 1,38, 2,45, 2,39 dan 2,01. Nilai rata-rata prevalansi kanker kulit non melanoma (KKNM KSB dan KSS) di Pulau le pada periode penelitian adalah 50,0 untuk pria dan wanita. Total kasus KSB dan KSS di Kota Kasai pada tahun 1992-1997 adalah masing-masing 1 dan 3, jumlah yang terlalu kecil untuk dapat menghitung prevalansi dan insidensi KKNM. penderita dengan keratosis seboroik (KS ) diatas 6 menunjukkan prevalansi yang lebih tinggi daripada penderita lain dengan KS dibawah 5. Hasil ini menindikasikan adanya relasi inversi yang kuat antara prevalansi dan insidensi prakanker dengan garis lintang pada populasi Jepang. Prevalansi KKNM di Pulau le yang sama tingginya dengan prevaiansi pada orang Jepang yang tinggal di Hawai menunjukkan insidensi KKNM yang lebih tinggi di bagian Utara Jepang, dimana kadar ozan akan sangat berkurang di masa yang akan datang. Kulit tipe 1 dan penderita dengan KS ganda diduga sebagai faktor risiko kanker kulit pada populasi Jepang. Abstract In order to determine the prevalence and incidence of skin cancer, and pre-cancer lesions (actinic keratosis) of Japanese we started skin cancer examination at Kasai City ( 34°56' N) and le Island (25°JO' N) in 1992 and 1993, respectively. Annual solar radiation in le island is expected to be highest in Japan. Here, we will present the results of skin cancer examination in both Kasai City and le Island during 1992 through 1997, and during 1993 through 1997, respectively. In Kasai City, a total of 128 actinic keratosis (AK), 3 of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and one of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were identified clinically and histopathologically. While, a total of 130 AK, 9 of BCC and 2 of SCC were identified in le Island. The annual prevalence of AK per J00,000 population in Kasai city during 1992 through 1997 were 413.4, 291.2, 203.7, 86.8, 123.l and JOl.8 respectively. However, those of AK in le Island during 1993 through 1997 were 1,159.4, 572.8, 1,014.3, 988.9 and 612.5 respectively. These values were significantly higher than those of Kasai City. The annual age-adjusted odds ratios for AK was 2.79, 1.38, 2,45, 2.39 and 2.01 respectively. The mean prevalence of non-mela.'loma skin cancer (NMSC BCC and SCC) in le island during study period was 50.0 for men and women. The total cases of BCC and SCC in Kasai City during 1992 through 1997 were 3 and 1 respectively, too small to calculate prevalence and incidence of NMSC. Subjects with seborrheic keratosis (SK) over 6 showed a higher prevalence of AK than those with seborrheic keratosis under 5. These results indicate a strong inverse relationship between prevalence and incidence of pre-cancer and latitude among Japanese. Further, NMSC prevalence in le Island is as high as that of Japanese who live in Hawaii, suggesting a higher incidence of NMSC of Japanese even in the northern part of Japan when ozone severely decreased in the future. Skin type I and subjects with multiple (SK) were suggested to be risk factors for skin cancer of Japanese. Keywords: non-melanoma skin cancer, actinic keratosis, epidemiology, ultraviolet light, risk factor.
Published
2000-04-01
How to Cite
1.
lchihashi M, Ueda M, Nagano T, Araki K, Ohno Y, Cornain S. Clinical and epidemiological study of skin cancer in Japan. Med J Indones [Internet]. 2000Apr.1 [cited 2024Apr.26];9(2):70-6. Available from: http://mji.ui.ac.id/journal/index.php/mji/article/view/639
Section
Medical Journal of Indonesia

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